A Single Dose of Intravesical Chemotherapy After Nephroureterectomy: The JCOG1403 Phase 3 Trial
In the JCOG1403 phase 3 trial, a single dose of intravesical pirarubicin given within 24 hours of radical nephroureterectomy raised 3-year relapse-free survival from 47% to 60% (Lancet Oncology, 2026).
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